Irene Litvan
In vivo (Latin for "within the living"; often not italicized in English are those during which the consequences of varied biological entities are tested on whole, living organisms or cells, usually animals, including humans, and plants, as against a tissue extract or dead organism. this is often to not be confused with experiments wiped out vitro ("within the glass"), i.e., during a laboratory environment using test tubes, Petri dishes, etc. samples of investigations in vivo include: the pathogenesis of disease by comparing the consequences of bacterial infection with the consequences of purified bacterial toxins; the event of non- antibiotics, antiviral drugs, and new drugs generally; and new surgical procedures. Consequently, animal testing and clinical trials are major elements of in vivo research. in vivo testing is usually employed over in vitro because it's better fitted to observing the general effects of an experiment on a living subject. In drug discovery, for instance, verification of efficacy in vivo is crucial, because in vitro assays can sometimes yield misleading results with drug candidate molecules that are irrelevant in vivo (e.g., because such molecules cannot reach their site of in vivo action, for instance as a results of rapid catabolism within the liver).
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