Paul J Higgins
Restenosis is a pathological form of wound healing following endovascular interventions that involves increased vascular smooth muscle cell (VSMC) migration/proliferation combined with reduced apoptosis resulting in luminal narrowing. The incidence of restenosis varies (range 20-50%) among the specific procedures used (e.g., stenting vs. balloon angioplasty) and the vessel site. Of the several factors implicated in the vascular response to injury, plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1; SERPINE1), a member of the serine protease inhibitor (SERPIN) superfamily and the major physiologic regulator of the plasmin-based pericellular proteolytic cascade, is perhaps the most prominent.
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